Surfactant: early history

• 1970 G.A. Gregory: Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

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Better ventilation is obtained reducing bronchiolar and alveolar tendency to collapse and stabilising alveolus at the end of expiratory phase (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure- PEEP) in order to increase and maintain functional residual capacity. Gregory GA, Kitterman JA, Phibbs RA, Tooley WH, Hamilton WK.. N Engl J Med 1971